I read Aynd Rand's book being very young, in an old leather-lined edition, and it was very inspiring for me. Actually it was for all architects of a time, and it still is, but now with longing.

I say longing because the figure of Howard Roark, who faces society to do what he thinks he should, regardless of their opinion, is romantic and individual, difficult to follow in our days. There are moments in King Vidor's version that are very intense, like the plea at the trial where Gary Cooper / Howard Roark talks about the first man who invented fire and who, as he says, probably died at the stake, but he left us forever the flame that heats (the script for the film was also written by Aynd Rand).
It is also a plea against half measures, and deals with themes that underlie man at all times. Few parts are as hard in the Bible as when it says: "Because you are lukewarm, neither cold nor hot, I will vomit you out of my mouth." Well, in the film, the businessmen want the purity of the clean glass volume proposed by the architect to be disguised with classical parts, and to convince him they ask him to follow the "main course", today he would say "mainstream", what people like... In our day, the mainstream is “people´s participation”, dissolving individual will in the team, “do it yourself”. Today even doctors have to listen to what internet tells them through their patients...

Ortega y Gasset, the Spanish philosopher, said that the novelty "scratches our eyes", and that is what Rand is interested in, so he talks about those who copy as “second handers” and even harder when it separates men, in Roark's mouth, in "Creators and Parasites", showing that only what is new is worthwhile.

Every time I watch this movie I find new things. The other day I saw how Howard Roark, while the builders insist on the good things (economic), that doing that work would bring him back, hesitated to throw his work to the ground so as not to contaminate it (which seemed to me a weakness that I had not noticed before ).

But he prefers to work in a quarry, where Patricia Neal / Dominique Franҁon approaches riding, rather than betraying his art. In male / female relationships, whenever we watch movies from this time, there would be a lot to say, seeing how Gary Cooper throws the protagonist on the floor in her room ... (and we're not going to talk about A Quiet Man, or La Dolce Vita, with that evident macho violence too). What a woman like Aynd Rand wouldn't live! With her childhood in the St. Petersburg synagogue and her transfer, nothing less than to California in the first half of the s. XX, that of the Case Study Houses.
 

Von Sternberg House by Richard Neutra (1935). Fotografía por J. Paul Getty Trust. Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles (2004.R.10).

The writer, and this is very important, lived since 1940 in Richard Neutra's Von Stenberg house, which is a jewel of the modern movement in California (demolished). Aynd Rand's book appeared in 1943, the year Rachmaninov died in Beverly Hills. Stravinsky also left Saint Petersburg to die in New York ... And many Central European architects, like Neutra himself, MiesGropius, Schindler moved to the United States.

Gayl Winand's character is also amazing, the owner of the wide-spread newspaper who (in the book) hires brilliant sculptors and gives them large sums for making piggy banks, or talented writers and gives them, very well paid, the cooking articles ... Thus testing, until Roark arrives, what we would now call an artist's resilience: seeing how long it lasts before being bent by life. And then Winand has his magnificent private collection for him to see only.


Fco. Javier Sáenz de Oiza, and Centro Cultural Alhóndiga model, Bilbao 1988. Vellés, Javier, "Oíza", Puente Editores 2018. p.357

Saenz de Oiza, Spanish architect, very egotist, Prince of Asturias Arts Awarded, who by the way was photographed with a model reminiscent of Howard Roark's in the film, said that with large studios it is like milk, that when you go to a farm and you drink a glass directly from the cow, you know from whom you are drinking milk, but when you drink it from a bottle, you don't know where it comes from, so you drink “average milk”.

At the end one thinks of our days and how we see, also speaking of cuisine, on tv opera singers, in gossip programmes even bullfighters (that is, gentlemen who risk their lives in front of a bull)... and, everywhere, Jacuzzi journalism, instead of J´accuse journalism. Where? When was it when we got lost? When did we divert so much from the pure and clear spring, that the brook became a muddy river and ended up flooding everything...

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Richard Joseph Neutra, (b. Vienna, Austria, April 8, 1892 - April 16, 1970, Wuppertal, Germany). Neutra was born in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Vienna, Austria Hungary, on April 8, 1892 into a wealthy Jewish family. His Jewish-Hungarian father Samuel Neutra (1844–1920) was a proprietor of a metal foundry, and his mother, Elizabeth "Betty" Glaser Neutra (1851–1905) was a member of the IKG Wien.

Richard had two brothers who also emigrated to the United States, and a sister who married in Vienna. Neutra attended the Sophiengymnasium in Vienna until 1910, and he studied under Adolf Loos at the Vienna University of Technology (1910–1918). He was a student of Max Fabiani and Karl Mayreder. In 1912 he undertook a study trip to Italy and Balkans with Ernst Ludwig Freud (son of Sigmund Freud). In the June of 1914, Neutra's studies were interrupted when he was ordered to Trebinje; he served as a lieutenant in the artillery in the balkans until the end of the war. He took a leave in 1917 to return to the Technische Hochschule to take his final examinations.

After World War I Neutra went to Switzerland where he worked with the landscape architect Gustav Ammann. In 1921 he served briefly as city architect in the German town of Luckenwalde, and later in the same year he joined the office of Erich Mendelsohn in Berlin. Neutra contributed to the firm’s competition entry for a new commercial centre for Haifa, Palestine (1922), and to the Zehlendorf housing project in Berlin (1923). He married Dione Niedermann, the daughter of an architect, in 1922. They had three sons, Frank L (1924-2008), Dion (1926-) an architect and his father's partner and Raymond Richard (1939-) a physician and environmental epidemiologist.

Neutra moved to the United States by 1923 and became a naturalized citizen in 1929. Neutra worked briefly for Frank Lloyd Wright before accepting an invitation from his close friend and university companion Rudolf Schindler to work and live communally in Schindler's Kings Road House in California. Neutra’s first work in Los Angeles was in landscape architecture, where he provided the design for the garden of Schindler’s beach house (1922–5), designed for Philip Lovell, Newport Beach, and for a pergola and wading pool for Wright and Schindler’s complex for Aline Barnsdall on Olive Hill (1925), Hollywood. Schindler and Neutra collaborated on an entry for the League of Nations Competition of 1926–7; in the same year they formed a firm with the planner Carol Aronovici (1881–1957) called the Architectural Group for Industry and Commerce (AGIC).

He subsequently developed his own practice and went on to design numerous buildings embodying the International Style, twelve of which are designated as Historic Cultural Monuments (HCM), including the Lovell Health House (HCM #123; 1929) and the Richard and Dion Neutra VDL Research House (HCM #640; 1966). In California, he became celebrated for rigorously geometric but airy structures that symbolized a West Coast variation on the mid-century modern residence. Clients included Edgar J. Kaufmann, Galka Scheyer, and Walter Conrad Arensberg. In the early 1930s, Neutra's Los Angeles practice trained several young architects who went on to independent success, including Gregory Ain, Harwell Hamilton Harris, and Raphael Soriano. In 1932, he tried to move to the Soviet Union, to help design workers' housing that could be easily constructed, as a means of helping with the housing shortage.

In 1932, Neutra was included in the seminal MoMA exhibition on modern architecture, curated by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock. In 1949 Neutra formed a partnership with Robert E. Alexander that lasted until 1958, which finally gave him the opportunity to design larger commercial and institutional buildings. In 1955, the United States Department of State commissioned Neutra to design a new embassy in Karachi. Neutra's appointment was part of an ambitious program of architectural commissions to renowned architects, which included embassies by Walter Gropius in Athens, Edward Durrell Stone in New Delhi, Marcel Breuer in The Hague, Josep Lluis Sert in Baghdad, and Eero Saarinen in London. In 1965 Neutra formed a partnership with his son Dion Neutra.[5] Between 1960 and 1970, Neutra created eight villas in Europe, four in Switzerland, three in Germany, and one in France. Prominent clients in this period included Gerd Bucerius, publisher of Die Zeit, as well as figures from commerce and science.

Neutra died in Wuppertal, Germany, on April 16, 1970, at the age of 78.
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Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oíza. (Cáseda, 12 October 1918 - Madrid, 18 July 2000) was a Spanish architect and influential practitioner of the modernist movement in Spain. He studied architecture in Madrid. After a study trip to the United States, in 1949 he returned to Madrid where he started teaching at the School of Architecture, later becoming its director. Among the numerous awards he received in Spain are the National Architecture Award (1954), the Gold Medal for Architecture (1989) and the Prince of Asturias Award (1993). Sáenz is considered to be one of the most influential Spanish architects during the second half of the 20th century. He died of cancer in 2000.

One of his most notable projects was the Torres Blancas high-rise apartment and office building in Madrid. With a height of 71 metres, it was built between 1964 and 1969. The façade consists of cylindrical volumes crowned by round overhanging balconies. Other notable projects include the Arantzazu Basilica in Oñati, the Torre Triana administrative building in Seville, the Spanish embassy in Brussels, the Public University of Navarra in Pamplona, the remodelling of an old palace in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, into the Atlantic Centre of Modern Art, and the Banco de Bilbao Tower in Madrid.
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Published on: March 14, 2021
Cite: "The Fountainhead revisited" METALOCUS. Accessed
<http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/fountainhead-revisited> ISSN 1139-6415
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