The Croatian Pavilion at the La Biennale di Venezia 2021 entitled Togetherness/Togetherless thematises the challenges of the community, the position of the individual in the society, the role of politics, the power of architecture and analyses the urban crisis occasioned by the appearance of new technologies, digitalisation, changes in working and dwelling conditions, but also obscure principles and underlying premises about the role, use, and planning of urban public space.

Such a presentation and disposition of the pavilion unconsciously draws the visitor into complicity with the experiment of creating a new, organically generated community model.

The individual is free to enter below the roof and share common ground or enter the bunker and distance or reposition themselves in relation to other members of the community. The artefact of the pavilion becomes a platform for mediatisation, communication, and inscription of diverse experiences.
Togetherness / Togetherless is a spatial composition that explores the ways in which basic, fundamental elements of architecture can be used to create a temporary community. The neologistic title refers to the individual’s need for closeness and being together, and the simultaneous, paradoxical inability to ever fully achieve it.

The layers of history, context, and external references inscribed into the pavilion are greatly drawn from the Croatian City of Rijeka and its experience as the European Capital of Culture in 2020 when it served as an arena for spatial and artistic research and experimentation.

The team of authors of the pavilion were invited to collaborate by the Curator Idis Turato as a natural succession to previous numerous collaborations within the DeltaLab – Center for Urban Transition, Architecture and Urbanism, flagships “Sweet & Salt” and “Dopolavoro” and the exhibition and book Fiume Fantastika all within the project Rijeka 2020.

The appearance of the pavilion is determined by three rudimentary, universal and timeless elements of architecture—the base, the column, and the roof—all materialized as an assemblage of elements using resources from Rijeka’s history, industrial past and mass production.

The city is regarded as a laboratory and archive of ready-made elements, some of which are then selected and displaced into an entirely novel context, thus given completely new meanings. The building elements of the pavilion, isolated from their original context and tailored for a new purpose, temporarily adopt new functions and multiple possible identities, resulting in unexpected relations among each other and in relation to the visitor. With new spatial meanings reinscribed into them, they acquire a new spatial role.

Thus, a concrete guard booth in the form of a hundred-year-old bunker serves as a load-bearing column and “a room for one.” It is a module for an individual, a sort of minimal spatial unit, giving the one visitor the feeling of complete isolation. It is the element that structurally connects the base and the roof, breaching the structure of the latter and towering over it.

Glass-reinforced polyester structure crafted in a specialized maritime-vessel workshop serves as a hip roof element—the cornerstone of the pavilion. It is set at a height that forces visitors to bend down to get under it and experience the interior of the pavilion. The roof’s low position also obviates the possibility of direct visual contact between people moving along the Arsenal corridor and those under the pavilion roof, producing new relations and collective spatial tensions between passers-by and visitors.

Various shipyard cutouts, originally part of a ship’s hull, form the structure of the base of the pavilion, a common ground. This ground element is positioned as a step up from the Arsenale area, defining the territory of our community. In addition, it serves as structural function of counterbalance to all the other elements, which are connected to it.

The fourth element is a green-screen look-alike wall and curtain that surrounds the pavilion. It instantly suggests an atmosphere of a film set, defining the pavilion as a performance stage on which images and relations are produced and manipulated.

The elements of the pavilion put together in their new context and surrounded by the green screen are placed onto the Arsenal corridor, hinting that the Biennale visitors find themselves more on a floodlit movie set amidst green wall surroundings. In this theatrical context, the whole spatial field of the pavilion becomes an accidental podium for the visitors to adopt temporary roles of members of an ad-hoc community formed and enabled by architectural elements.

The repurposing of elements from the city and their recontextualization through inscription of new meaning emphasizes the position of the authorial team of the myriad possibilities of resetting any given city whose built landscape contains decaying structures, abandoned spaces, areas, and zones — elements that need to be regarded and examined from a fresh perspective in order for them to have any future use or utility.

Such an approach to design, based on dislocation and redefinition, solidifies the method chosen in creating a new architectural order.

Digital footprint of the project is a specially designed Playground where visitors can assemble and create their own collages and architectural artefacts made out of cut-outs from elements found in Rijeka.
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Curator
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Team of authors
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Ida Križaj Leko, Ivan Dorotić, Morana Matković, Davor Mišković, Maša Poljanec, Leo Kirinčić, Jana Horvat, Renato Stanković.
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Collaborators
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Comissioner.- Ministry of Culture and Media of the Republic of Croatia – Minister dr. sc. Nina Obuljen Koržinek. Project Coordination.- Nevena Tudor Perković (Ministry of Culture and Media of the Republic of Croatia). Project Management and Producers.- Morana Matković and Renato Stanković. Producer (Venice).- Diego Carpentiero. Exhibition Design.- Ida Križaj Leko. Drawings.- Ida Križaj Leko, Jana Horvat. Communication Strategy and PR.- Ivan Dorotić. Creative Direction.- Ivan Dorotić, Leo Kirinčić, Maša Poljanec. Visual Identity and Graphic Design.- Leo Kirinčić and Maša Poljanec. Roof Production.- Pičuljan Marine d.o.o. (coordinator Marin Benić).
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Manufacturers
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Metal Elements and the Installation of the Entire Pavilion.- TEUT d.o.o. (coordinator Denis Akvić). Roof Substructure and Installation of the Pavilion: Obrt Crimson (coordinator Miroslav Šarić). Electrical Works and Lightning Installation.- Br1 j.d.o.o – setup by Elvira Udina Crnić and Alex Udina.
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Organisation
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Association of Architects Rijeka.
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Dates
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22nd May – 21st November 2021.
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Location
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Arsenale, Sestiere Castello, Campo della Tana 2169/F, 30122 Venice, Italy.
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Photography
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Idis Turato (1965) is a Croatian architect, professor at the Faculty of Architecture in Zagreb, and visiting professor at the faculties of architecture in Belgrade (Serbia), Ljubljana (Slovenia), and Split (Croatia).

In 1992 he co-funded the architecture office Randic-Turato in Rijeka and in 2010 he established his own office Arhitektonski biro Turato.

He initiated the conception of DeltaLab — Centre for Urban Transition, Architecture and Urbanism at the University of Rijeka, dedicated to the issues of city, territory, infrastructure, ecology and globalization.

His works have been published in the most important foreign, regional and local professional publications. Laureate of all major Croatian and regional architectural awards, his projects have been nominated as many as eleven times for the EU Mies van der Rohe Award.

He represented Croatia three times in La biennale di Venezia, in 2006 as co-author of the project “In Between” (Vedran Mimica, curator; Andrija Rusan and Ministry of Culture and Media RH, commissioner), and in 2010 with the project “Pavillion,” co-authored with fifteen Croatian architects (Leo Modrčin and Ministry of Culture and Media RH, commissioner).
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Published on: September 9, 2021
Cite: "Togetherness/Togetherless. Croatian Pavilion at La Biennale di Venezia by Idis Turato" METALOCUS. Accessed
<http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/togethernesstogetherless-croatian-pavilion-la-biennale-di-venezia-idis-turato> ISSN 1139-6415
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