On Thursday, December 2, the architect Alberto Campo Baeza received the 2020 National Architecture Prize to  at the Oratorio de San Felipe Neri in Cádiz. A special delivery, because was the first time that the award has been awarded outside of Madrid and for being the Andalusian city a special reference for Campo Baeza.

The 2020 National Architecture Prize that recognizes the extraordinary career of Alberto Campo Baeza was awarded by the Minister of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda, Raquel Sánchez Jiménez and the presence of the General Director of Urban Agenda and Architecture, Iñaqui Carnicero Alonso-Colmenares.
His work has been extensively exhibited in recent years, ranging from Mies's Crown Hall at the IIT in Chicago, to the Urban Center in New York, the MA Gallery in Tokyo or the MAXXI in Rome and, more recently, at the Oris House of Architecture in Zagreb.

On the occasion of the award we made a selection of works published in METALOCUS, among which the Casa Gaspar (Cádiz, 1992), the Headquarters of the Caja de Granada (2001), the Casa Olnick Spanu (New York, 2008), the Nursery for Benetton (Treviso, 2008), the Museum of Memory of Andalusia (Granada, 2009), the Plaza Entre Catedrales (Cádiz, 2009), the Casa del Infinito (Tarifa, 2014) or the Casa Rotonda (Madrid, 2021).



Gaspar House by Alberto Campo Baeza, Vejer de la Frontera, Spain, 1992

The project is developed on a square in the plan of 90 square meters, above it, a prismatic volume rises where the color white, very characteristic conjunction of Campo Baeza architecture together with traditional Cadiz architecture where both languages ​​are understood and dialogue.

The house, defined by four enclosure walls of 3.5 meters, is based on a square measuring 18 x 18 meter which is subdivided into three equal parts. Only the central portion is roofed. The square is then divided transversely by two, 2 meter high, walls into three parts with the proportions A, 2A, A, the service pieces being located on the sides. The roof of the central space is taller, 4.5 meter high.
Olnick Spanu House, the first project in New York, the United States. A project that clearly reflects the Spanish architect's career. Architecture with capital letters, quiet and without fanfare.

In this impressive place, we establish a plane, a platform that underlines the landscape before us, seeking to enhance it. A large long box is thus built, 122 feet long by 54 feet wide by 12 feet high, with sturdy concrete walls that accentuate its relationship to the land. The roof of this box is flat, paved in stone, travertine, so that we may use it.
The house intended for a poet is closed almost entirely to the outside, located on a corner plot, the architect Alberto Campo Baeza decides to give it a poetic feeling, the house opens with large windows to the garden generating a game of permeability and transparency in the south-facing areas, while with the orientation it will play with translucency.

Three concepts that connect and make the house be conceived as a different place: the primitive dwelling as a refuge and home, the metaphorical idea of ​​nudity for the garden and a library on the upper level.



House of the Infinite, Cádiz, Spain, 2014
 
There we have erected a house as if it were a jetty facing out to sea. A house that is a podium crowned by an upper horizontal plane. On this resoundingly horizontal plane, bare and denuded, we face out to the distant horizon traced by the sea where the sun goes down. A horizontal plane on high built in stone, Roman travertine, as if it were sand, an infinite plane facing the infinite sea. Nothing more and nothing less.
   
Offices are arranged inside the cube on seven floors around the central interior courtyard. The cube is built on a 3x3x3m grid of reinforced concrete that in the roof serves as a light-gathering mechanism, the central theme of this building. The two facades to the south operate as a “brise-soleil” and, filtering this powerful light, illuminate the areas of open offices. The two facades to the north, serving the individual offices, receive the homogeneous and continuous light of this orientation and are closed to the exterior by means of a stone and glass cladding.
   
The project by Alberto Campo Baeza, was developed in an urban context tense, full of history and difficult to handle by heavy regulations that protect the environment of the Cathedral of Zamora. The Campo Baeza architecture might seem that had not found its place, and yet found its way with a sandstone walls.

A lot of time from the competition, have been almost 8 years. Now we live in times of lower excitation-architectural icon, the time has helped introduce the building by Campo Baeza and now is more contemporary.
 
The sports pavilion is considered as a light piece, with translucent glass enclosure and GRC lightened concrete panel and metal structure. Pure tectonic space. The entrance hall, the classrooms and the swimming pool; are opaque volumes and constructed with reinforced concrete structure. Pure stereotomic space.
 
The Benetton Nursery was designed with different spaces according to their uses and proximity to the center: the main piece is the nucleus and axis of the project, it is surrounded by four prisms of lower height and where the children's classrooms are developed, to finally all be embraced by patios where children are protected and at the same time participate from the outside, delimited by a circular wall that surrounds the complex.
 
The pavilion consisted of a cylinder, 21m. in diameter (7x3) and 14m. of height (7x2), with a black exterior and a white interior completely full of light. It is an authentic ÁGORA inside which stands a stand crowned by shelves where the books were located.
 
The visitor enters through a courtyard with an entrance hall. In the interior, the space flows between the three floors, creating a large room, "a generous central space, the sum of two vertical spaces of double height that, when joining vertically displaced, create a sensation of great amplitude. House converge in that central space." Alberto Campo Baeza.

More information

Alberto Campo Baeza. Born in Valladolid (1946), where his grandfather was an architect, from the age of two he lived in CADIZ where he saw the LIGHT. From his father he inherited a spirit of ANALYSIS and from his mother the determination to be an ARCHITECT.

He lives in Madrid, where he moved to study Architecture. His first professor was Alejandro de la Sota, who instilled in him the ESSENTIAL architecture that he is still trying to erect. He is a PROFESSOR at the Madrid School of Architecture, ETSAM, where he has been a tenured professor for more than 25 years.

He has taught at the ETH in Zurich and the EPFL in Lausanne as well as the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. And in Dublin and Naples, Virginia and Copenhagen. And at the BAUHAUS in Weimar and at Kansas State University. He spent a year as a research fellow at COLUMBIA University in New York in 2001 and again in 2011. He has given many lectures and has received many awards like the TORROJA for his Caja Granada building. And he was awarded the Buenos Aires Biennial 2009 for his Nursery for Benetton in Venice and his MA Museum in Granada. He has recently been nominated by the American Academy of Arts and Letters for the prestigious Arnold W. Brunner Memorial Prize of 2010.

His works have been widely recognized. From the single family houses Casa Turégano and Casa de Blas, both in Madrid, to Casa Gaspar, Casa Asencio and Casa Guerrero in Cádiz. And the Olnick Spanu House in Garrison, New York, the Centro BIT in Inca-Mallorca, the Caja de Granada Savings Bank and the MA, the Museum of Andalusian Memory, both in Granada, and a nursery for Benetton in Venice. And Between Cathedrals in Cádiz, and just recently a building for Offices in Zamora (2012). And the construction of the new Offices for Benetton in Samara, Russia, which is about to begin.

And more than 20 editions of a BOOK with his texts “LA IDEA CONSTRUÍDA” [THE BUILT IDEA] have been published in several languages. A fourth edition of “PENSAR CON LAS MANOS”, a second compilation of his writings, has just been published. And just now “PRINCIPIA ARCHITECTONICA”, a collection of his texts written during his sabbatical year at Columbia University in New York in 2011.

He believes in Architecture as a BUILT IDEA. And he believes that the principle components of Architecture are GRAVITY that constructs SPACE and LIGHT that constructs TIME.

He has exhibited his work in the CROWN HALL by Mies at Chicago’s IIT and at the PALLADIO Basilica in Vicenza. And in the Urban Center in New York. And at the Saint Irene Church in Istanbul. In 2009 the prestigious MA Gallery of Toto in Tokyo made an anthological exhibition of his work that in 2011 was in the MAXXI in Rome.

Act.>. 04-2012
 

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Published on: December 4, 2021
Cite: "10 works, a video and some notes on Campo Baeza to celebrate the 2020 National Prize " METALOCUS. Accessed
<http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/10-works-a-video-and-some-notes-campo-baeza-celebrate-2020-national-prize> ISSN 1139-6415
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