The office led by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas was commissioned in 2002 to design the Master Plan of what had once been the Zollverein mine, out of service since 1986 and a World Heritage Site in 2001. The plan was to encourage the revival of the area through a new program, a combination of business, education and information, art and design, which, along with an improvement and expansion of public space, would become a cultural center of reference.
With this goal in mind, the Visitor Center and Ruhr Museum were placed in one of the most emblematic buildings of the mine, the Kohlenwäsche, a washing plant, 90 meters long, 30m wide and 40m high where coal was selected, classified, stored and distributed.
The project carried out by Floris Alkemade, OMA, and Heinrich Böll, Heinrich Böll Architekt BDA DWB, inserted a new program while respecting as much as possible the essence of the historical building. People would access to the inside through an escalator going up to 24 meters, the movement from top to bottom has been kept, similar to the flow of the original factory production, reaching a distribution space where the information point, ticketing, cafe, shop and wardrobe are located. Above this level all the machinery remains in its original condition, in order to raise awareness of industrial culture, the history of the Ruhr and the transformation that the area has suffered over the years. The lower levels, where coal was stored before, are reserved for exhibits and storage of the Ruhr Museum.
Description of the project by OMA
The former coal mine Zeche Zollverein in Essen, an area of 100 hectares, was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2001. OMA was commissioned to develop a masterplan with the goal of finding a contemporary use for the site.
The combined program of 12,000m² for the visitors centre, the Ruhrmuseum and the Metaform will be accommodated in the site's most impressive building: the Kohlenwäsche, a former factory for sorting coals. The new program will be added without removing the existing machines that dominate the building. The result is an industrial monument that combines modern use with historic context.
CREDITS. DATA SHEET.-
Kohlenwäsche Museum and Visitors Centre
Status.- Completion 2007
Program.- Museum and visitors centre in Zeche Zollverein, conversion of coal refinery
Architect.- Floris Alkemade, OMA / Heinrich Böll, Heinrich Böll Architekt BDA DWB – A Joint Venture
Team Heinrich Böll Architekt.- Wojciech Trompeta, Achim Pfeiffer, Frank Günther, Marc Lepper, Uwe Schall, Claus Filtmann, Hanno Weymann
Team OMA.- Alex de Jong, Ziad Shehab, Bart Cardinaal