The project reduces circulation areas and separates the public area to the south from the private area to the north, deploying the building on a single floor, whose volume to the north increases in height to house the facilities and achieve greater visibility from the street.
Externally, the facades are resolved with a corrugated metal skin, microperforated in front of the windows. Inside, the use of the wooden structure (CLT floor and walls) is visible, which favours the hygrothermal behaviour of the building and the speed of the construction process. Next to the structure, visible in the waiting rooms, the coverings are made of recycled wood (OSB).
The implementation of passive solutions in the building (DAPs that show lower environmental impacts) that facilitate obtaining a low carbon footprint, has allowed, for the first time in this type of building, to achieve the maximum A classification.
Riells i Viabrea healthcare center by Comas-Pont arquitectes. Photograph by Adrià Goula.
Project description by Comas-Pont arquitectes
The building is developed on the ground level and is made up of two rectangular programs separated by a linear courtyard to the south that allows the landscape to be introduced in the building. It has a single access link to a small entrance square that appears as an extension of the sidewalks of Baix street. The volume of facilities increases in height allowing some installations to be hidden and at the same time acts as a highlight for the building. A porch receives the user. A second access, also connected to the main hall connects with a neighbourhood trail that leads to the soccer field bar and its parking area.
The public zone to the south is separated from the private zone to the north with the most internal program (restricted to professionals). The office areas are located around the linear courtyard together with the waiting rooms, always linked to each office. The entire public area of the centre is visually controlled from the access hall. The distribution allows the first wing to be divided into sectors for covid treatments with independent access.
Due to the typology of the building on the ground floor, its use and its location, the structure and construction of The Primary Care Center of Riells i Viabrea is made with cross-laminated timber (CLT). The suitability is analyzed from the point of view of environmental health and of constructive ease.
Wood and Health. The Primary Care Center is an ideal facility in which to consider the health of the users, starting from the construction itself and managing to create a model that carries out a certain pedagogy.
Wood is a material without environmental radioactivity and doesn't produce physical or psychological alterations to human beings. It has a porous composition, with a formation of longitudinal networks in the form of united fibres, which grow in the shape of rings along its longitudinal structure. This favours interstitial ventilation since due to its porosity it prevents agglomerations of radon gas and VOCs in buildings, elements that are harmful to people. And it works hygroscopically by attenuating the humidity in the environment while acting as a barrier against static electromagnetic changes in buildings.
Environmental Relationships and Aspects. The new Primary Care Center of Riells y Viabrea is located at the foot of the Montseny Massif. The Montseny Biosphere Reserve is a mosaic of Mediterranean and Central European landscapes located next to the large metropolitan area.
The use of wood, apart from the conceptual dialogue that is generated with the forests that can be seen from the building, helps make the mountain profitable and reduces the risk of pests and fires. This dynamic of finding the profitability of forests. It is a guarantee for their conservation. At the same time, forests mitigate climate change by storing carbon and conserving biodiversity. In addition, wood is a biodegradable, renewable and recyclable material.
Constructive Faculty. Wood construction allows to reduce execution times and waste since most of the process is carried out in the workshop, where the weather doesn't influence the process and the manufacturing processes can be better controlled, obtaining products of better technical quality. The use of the wood systems allows spans of 8m to be covered, creating more freedom in future distributions.
The ventilated facade of corrugated lacquered metal sheets enables the use of closing elements and solar protection with micro-perforation. The use of this single material achieves different nuances and perceptions of the material, preserving privacy when necessary.
Inside, the wooden structures are visible in the communal area of the waiting rooms. In the offices, a more aseptic finish is made with white tiles with wood-coloured joints, in order to provide more warmth. Most of the existing riverbank trees have been preserved. The same number of trees that had to be removed due to their incompatibility with the building have been planted to replace them.
